Chiyambi
Mpaka pano,kuluka kozunguliraMakina apangidwa ndi kupangidwa kuti apange nsalu zolukidwa zambiri. Kapangidwe kapadera ka nsalu zolukidwa, makamaka nsalu zazing'ono zopangidwa ndi njira yozungulira yolukira, zimapangitsa mitundu iyi ya nsalu kukhala yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazovala, nsalu zamafakitale, zovala zachipatala ndi zamafupa,nsalu zamagalimoto, zovala zoluka, ma geotextile, ndi zina zotero. Magawo ofunikira kwambiri okambirana muukadaulo woluka wozungulira ndi kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito opanga ndikuwongolera mtundu wa nsalu komanso njira zatsopano zovalira zovala zabwino, kugwiritsa ntchito zamankhwala, zovala zamagetsi, nsalu zabwino, ndi zina zotero. Makampani opanga otchuka apitiliza kupanga makina oluka ozungulira kuti apitirire m'misika yatsopano. Akatswiri opanga nsalu m'makampani oluka ayenera kudziwa kuti nsalu zopyapyala komanso zopanda msoko ndizoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana osati m'zovala zokha komanso m'zachipatala, zamagetsi, ulimi, zomangamanga ndi zina.
Mfundo ndi magulu a makina oluka ozungulira
Pali mitundu yambiri ya makina ozungulira oluka omwe amapanga nsalu zazitali zazitali zopangidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kumapeto.Makina oluka ozungulira a jeresi imodziali ndi 'silinda' imodzi ya singano yomwe imapanga nsalu wamba, pafupifupi mainchesi 30 m'mimba mwake. Kupanga ubweya paMakina oluka ozungulira a jeresi imodziKawirikawiri zimakhala ndi ma gauge 20 kapena okhwima, chifukwa ma gauge awa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa ubweya wopindika kawiri. Dongosolo la silinda la makina oluka a single jersey tubular likufotokozedwa mu Chithunzi 3.1. Chinthu china chodziwika bwino cha nsalu za ubweya wa single jersey ndikuti m'mbali mwa nsalu nthawi zambiri zimapindika mkati. Izi si vuto pamene nsaluyo ili mu mawonekedwe a tubular koma ikadulidwa ingayambitse mavuto ngati nsaluyo sinamalizidwe bwino. Makina ozungulira terry ndi maziko a nsalu za ubweya zomwe zimapangidwa poluka ulusi ziwiri mu ulusi womwewo, ulusi umodzi wophwanyidwa ndi ulusi umodzi wozungulira. Ma loops otuluka awa amatsukidwa kapena kukwezedwa pomaliza, ndikupanga nsalu ya ubweya. Makina oluka a sliver ndi makina oluka a single jersey nsalu omwe asinthidwa kuti agwire chidutswa chaulusi wokhazikikar mu kapangidwe kolukidwa.
Makina oluka jeresi awiri(Chithunzi 3.2) ndi makina oluka jersey imodzi okhala ndi 'dial' yomwe imakhala ndi singano zowonjezera zomwe zili mopingasa pafupi ndi singano zoyimirira. Seti yowonjezera iyi ya singano imalola kupanga nsalu zomwe zimakhala zokhuthala kawiri kuposa nsalu imodzi ya jersey. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kapangidwe kokhazikika ka zovala zamkati/zovala zapansi ndi nsalu za 1 × 1 nthiti za ma leggings ndi zovala zakunja. Ulusi wofewa kwambiri ungagwiritsidwe ntchito, chifukwa ulusi umodzi subweretsa vuto pa nsalu ziwiri zolukidwa jersey.
Chiyerekezo chaukadaulo ndichofunikira kwambiri pakugawa makina oluka ozungulira a lycra jersey. Chiyerekezo ndi mtunda wa singano, ndipo chimatanthauza chiwerengero cha singano pa inchi iliyonse. Gawo loyezera ili likuwonetsedwa ndi E yayikulu.
Makina oluka ozungulira a jersey omwe akupezeka tsopano kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana amapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma geji. Mwachitsanzo, makina ogona a flat bed amapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira E3 mpaka E18, ndi makina ozungulira akuluakulu kuyambira E4 mpaka E36. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma geji imakwaniritsa zosowa zonse za kuluka. Mwachionekere, mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi yomwe ili ndi ma geji apakati.
Gawo ili likufotokoza kukula kwa malo ogwirira ntchito. Pa makina oluka ozungulira a jersey, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa mabedi ogwirira ntchito monga momwe zimayezedwa kuyambira pa mzere woyamba mpaka womaliza, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimafotokozedwa mu masentimita. Pa makina oluka ozungulira a lycra jersey, m'lifupi ndi m'lifupi mwa bedi lomwe limayesedwa mu mainchesi. M'lifupi mwake mumayesedwa pa singano ziwiri zosiyana. Makina akulu oluka ozungulira okhala ndi mainchesi 60 m'lifupi; komabe, m'lifupi kwambiri ndi mainchesi 30. Makina oluka ozungulira okhala ndi mainchesi apakati amakhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 15 m'lifupi, ndipo zitsanzo zazing'ono zokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 3 m'lifupi.
Mu ukadaulo wa makina oluka, dongosolo loyambira ndi gulu la zida zamakaniko zomwe zimasuntha singano ndikulola kupangika kwa kuzungulira. Kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa kwa makina kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa makina omwe amaphatikiza, chifukwa dongosolo lililonse limafanana ndi kukweza kapena kutsitsa kwa singano, motero, kupangika kwa njira.
Mayendedwe a makinawa amatchedwa ma cams kapena ma triangles (kukweza kapena kutsitsa malinga ndi kayendedwe ka singano komwe kamachitika). Makina a makina okhala ndi bedi lathyathyathya amakonzedwa pa chipangizo chotchedwa ngolo. Ngoloyo imasunthira patsogolo ndi kumbuyo pa bedi mozungulirana. Mitundu ya makina omwe alipo pamsika pakadali pano ali ndi makina pakati pa imodzi ndi asanu ndi atatu omwe amagawidwa ndikugwirizanitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana (chiwerengero cha ngolo ndi chiwerengero cha makina pa ngolo iliyonse).
Makina oluka ozungulira amazungulira mbali imodzi, ndipo machitidwe osiyanasiyana amagawidwa mozungulira bedi. Mwa kuwonjezera kukula kwa makinawo, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa machitidwewo komanso kuchuluka kwa njira zomwe zimayikidwa pa kuzungulira kulikonse.
Masiku ano, makina akuluakulu oluka ozungulira amapezeka okhala ndi mainchesi angapo ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, zomangamanga zosavuta monga jersey stitch zimatha kukhala ndi machitidwe okwana 180; komabe, chiwerengero cha machitidwe omwe amaphatikizidwa pamakina ozungulira akuluakulu nthawi zambiri chimakhala kuyambira 42 mpaka 84.
Ulusi womwe umaperekedwa ku singano kuti upange nsalu uyenera kuyendetsedwa motsatira njira yokonzedweratu kuchokera pa spool kupita ku malo olukira. Mayendedwe osiyanasiyana omwe ali munjira iyi amatsogolera ulusi (zitsogozo za ulusi), kusintha mphamvu ya ulusi (zipangizo zomangira ulusi), ndikuyang'ana ngati ulusi wasweka pamapeto pake.
Ulusi umachotsedwa pa spool yokonzedwa pa chogwirira chapadera, chotchedwa creel (ngati chayikidwa pambali pa makina), kapena rack (ngati chayikidwa pamwamba pake). Kenako ulusiwo umatsogozedwa kumalo olukira kudzera mu ulusi wotsogolera, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala mbale yaying'ono yokhala ndi eyelet yachitsulo yogwirira ulusi. Kuti mupeze mapangidwe enaake monga intarsia ndi vanisé effects, makina ozungulira nsalu amakhala ndi ulusi wapadera wotsogolera.
Ukadaulo woluka zovala zaubweya
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, kupanga ma hosiery kunali nkhani yaikulu ya makampani oluka. Makina oyambilira oluka ozungulira, ozungulira, athyathyathya komanso opangidwa bwino adapangidwa kuti aziluka ma hosiery; komabe, kupanga ma hosiery kumayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito makina ozungulira ang'onoang'ono. Mawu oti 'ma hosiery' amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zovala zomwe zimaphimba miyendo ndi mapazi. Pali zinthu zabwino zopangidwa ndiulusi wa multifilamentpa makina oluka okhala ndi singano 24 mpaka 40 pa 25.4 mm, monga masokisi ndi mathalauza a akazi okongola, ndi zinthu zopyapyala zopangidwa ndi ulusi wopota pa makina oluka okhala ndi singano 5 mpaka 24 pa 25.4 mm, monga masokosi, masokisi a mawondo ndi pantyhose yopyapyala.
Nsalu za akazi zosalala bwino zimalukidwa m'njira yosavuta pa makina a silinda imodzi yokhala ndi zoziziritsira zogwirira pansi. Masokisi a amuna, akazi ndi ana okhala ndi nthiti kapena kapangidwe ka purl amalukidwa pa makina a silinda awiri okhala ndi chidendene ndi zala zolumikizana zomwe zimatsekedwa ndi cholumikizira. Kaya chikwama cha ankle kapena soketi yotalika kuposa ng'ombe ikhoza kupangidwa pamakina wamba okhala ndi mainchesi 4 ndi singano 168. Pakadali pano, zinthu zambiri zopangidwa ndi hosiery zopanda msoko zimapangidwa pamakina oluka ozungulira ang'onoang'ono, makamaka pakati pa E3.5 ndi E5.0 kapena malo ojambulira singano pakati pa 76.2 ndi 147 mm.
Masokisi amasewera ndi okhazikika omwe ali pansi wamba nthawi zambiri amalukidwa pamakina a silinda imodzi okhala ndi zotsukira zogwirira pansi. Masokisi osavuta a nthiti amatha kulukidwa pamakina a silinda ndi nthiti ziwiri otchedwa makina a 'true-rib'. Chithunzi 3.3 chikuwonetsa makina odulira ndi zinthu zolukira za makina a true-rib.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-04-2023