Chidule: Poganizira kuti ulusi wopereka mawonekedwe owunikira siwoyenera panthawi yake pa ntchito yoluka makina oluka ozungulira omwe alipo, makamaka, kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira zolakwika zodziwika bwino monga kusweka kwa chiwaya chochepa ndi kuthamanga kwa ulusi, njira yowunikira kudyetsa ulusi wa makina ozungulira oluka ikuwunikidwa mu pepalali, ndipo pamodzi ndi zosowa za kuwongolera njira, njira yowunikira yakunja ya ulusi kutengera mfundo yowunikira ya infrared ikuperekedwa. Kutengera chiphunzitso cha ukadaulo wokonza ma signal a photoelectric, dongosolo lonse la kuyang'anira kuyenda kwa ulusi lapangidwa, ndipo ma hardware ndi ma algorithms ofunikira amapangidwa. Kudzera mu mayeso oyesera ndi kukonza zolakwika pamakina, ndondomekoyi imatha kuyang'anira nthawi yake mawonekedwe a kayendedwe ka ulusi panthawi yoluka makina ozungulira oluka, ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kolondola kwa kuzindikira zolakwika zodziwika bwino monga kusweka kwa ulusi ndi kuthamanga kwa ulusi wa makina ozungulira oluka, zomwe zingalimbikitsenso ukadaulo wozindikira ulusi mu njira yoluka makina ozungulira oluka opangidwa ku China.
Mawu ofunikira: Makina Olukira Ozungulira; Chikhalidwe Chotumizira Zipatso; Kuwunika; Ukadaulo Wokonza Zizindikiro za Photoelectric; Ndondomeko Yowunikira Ulusi Wopachikidwa Panja; Kuwunika Kuyenda kwa Ulusi.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kupangidwa kwa masensa othamanga kwambiri, opangidwa ndi makina, masensa a piezoelectric, masensa otha kugwira ntchito, komanso kusweka bwino kwa ulusi posintha mulingo wa chizindikiro mu makina oluka ozungulira kwapangitsa kuti pakhale masensa olondola, masensa amadzimadzi, ndi masensa a photoelectric kuti adziwe momwe ulusi umayendera. Masensa a piezoelectric amapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kuyang'anira mayendedwe a ulusi1-2). Masensa a electro-mechanical amazindikira kusweka kwa ulusi kutengera mawonekedwe a chizindikiro panthawi yogwira ntchito, koma ndi kusweka kwa ulusi ndi mayendedwe a ulusi, zomwe zikutanthauza ulusi womwe uli mu mkhalidwe wolukira ndi ndodo ndi mapini omwe amatha kugwedezeka kapena kuzungulira, motsatana. Ngati ulusi wasweka, miyeso yamakina yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa iyenera kukhudza ulusi, zomwe zimawonjezera kupsinjika kwina.
Pakadali pano, momwe ulusi ulili zimakhalira zimatengera kugwedezeka kapena kuzungulira kwa zida zamagetsi, zomwe zimayambitsa alamu yosweka kwa ulusi ndikukhudza mtundu wa chinthucho, ndipo masensawa nthawi zambiri sangathe kudziwa mayendedwe a ulusi. Masensa otha kuzindikira cholakwika cha ulusi pojambula mphamvu ya electrostatic charge m'munda wamkati wa capacitive panthawi yonyamula ulusi, ndipo masensa amadzimadzi amatha kudziwa cholakwika cha ulusi pozindikira kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka madzi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusweka kwa ulusi, koma masensa otha kuzindikira ndi madzimadzi amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chakunja ndipo sangasinthe momwe makina ozungulira amagwirira ntchito.
Chojambulira zithunzi chimatha kusanthula chithunzi cha kayendedwe ka ulusi kuti chidziwe cholakwika cha ulusi, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo, ndipo makina oluka nsalu nthawi zambiri amafunika kukhala ndi masensa ambiri ozindikira zithunzi kuti akwaniritse kupanga bwino, kotero chojambulira zithunzi mu makina oluka nsalu sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito mochuluka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-22-2023