Imbali yoomatshini bokuluka besangqa, iqala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16. Oomatshini bokuqala bokuluka babesebenza ngesandla, kwaye kwada kwangenkulungwane ye-19 apho umatshini wokuluka wesangqa wasungulwa khona.
Ngo-1816, umatshini wokuqala wokuluka ojikelezayo waqanjwa nguSamuel Benson. Lo matshini wawusekwe kwisakhelo esijikelezayo kwaye wawunemiqolomba emininzi eyayinokushukunyiswa ijikeleze umjikelo wesakhelo ukuze kuveliswe ukuluka. Umatshini wokuluka ojikelezayo wawuphuculo olukhulu kwiinaliti zokuluka eziphathwa ngesandla, njengoko wawunokuvelisa iziqwenga zelaphu ezinkulu kakhulu ngesantya esikhawulezayo.
Kwiminyaka eyalandelayo, umatshini wokuluka ojikelezayo waphuhliswa ngakumbi, kunye nokuphuculwa kwesakhelo kunye nokongezwa kweendlela ezintsonkothileyo. Ngo-1847, umatshini wokuqala ozenzekelayo we-tricoter cercle waphuhliswa nguWilliam Cotton eNgilane. Lo matshini wawukwazi ukuvelisa iimpahla ezipheleleyo, kuquka iikawusi, iiglavu, kunye neekawusi.
Uphuhliso lwezixhobo zokuluka ezijikelezayo lwaqhubeka kuyo yonke inkulungwane ye-19 neye-20, kunye nenkqubela phambili enkulu kubuchwepheshe bezixhobo. Ngo-1879, kwaveliswa umatshini wokuqala okwaziyo ukuvelisa ilaphu elineembambo, nto leyo eyavumela ukuba kubekho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwilaphu eliveliswayo.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, i-máquina de tejer circular yaphuculwa ngakumbi ngokongezwa kolawulo lwe-elektroniki. Oku kwavumela ukuchaneka okukhulu kunye nokuchaneka kwinkqubo yemveliso kwaye kwavula amathuba amatsha kwiintlobo zelaphu ezinokuveliswa.
Kwisiqingatha sokugqibela senkulungwane yama-20, oomatshini bokuluka abasebenzisa ikhompyutha baphuhliswa, nto leyo eyavumela ukuchaneka okukhulu nolawulo lwenkqubo yokuluka. Aba matshini banokucwangciswa ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamalaphu kunye neepateni, nto leyo eyenza ukuba babe luncedo kakhulu kwishishini lempahla.
Namhlanje, oomatshini bokuluka abajikelezayo basetyenziselwa ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamalaphu, ukusuka kumalaphu athambileyo, alula ukuya kumalaphu anzima, axineneyo asetyenziswa kwimpahla yangaphandle. Basetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lemfashini ukuvelisa impahla, kunye nakwishishini lempahla yasekhaya ukuvelisa iingubo, izinto zokulala, kunye nezinye izinto zefenitshala yasekhaya.
Ukuqukumbela, uphuhliso lomatshini wokuluka ojikelezayo lube yinkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwishishini lempahla, nto leyo evumela ukuveliswa kwamalaphu asemgangathweni ophezulu ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu kunokuba bekunokwenzeka ngaphambili. Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lobuchwepheshe obungasemva komatshini wokuluka ojikelezayo luvule amathuba amatsha kwiintlobo zamalaphu anokuveliswa, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba obu buchwepheshe buya kuqhubeka bukhula kwaye buphucuke kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-26-2023