Amateka y'imashini ziboha zizunguruka, atangira mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 16. Imashini za mbere zo kuboha zari iz'intoki, kandi kugeza mu kinyejana cya 19 ni bwo imashini ziboha zizunguruka zavumbuwe.
Mu 1816, imashini ya mbere yo kuboha yavumbuwe na Samuel Benson. Iyi mashini yari ishingiye ku gitereko cy’uruziga kandi yari igizwe n’uruhererekane rw’imigozi yashoboraga kwimurirwa ku ruziga rw’igitereko kugira ngo ikore ubwo buboshyi. Iyi mashini yo kuboha uruziga yari intambwe ikomeye ugereranyije n’inshinge zo kuboha zafatwaga n’intoki, kuko yashoboraga gukora ibice binini by’imyenda ku buryo bwihuse cyane.
Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, imashini iboha uruziga yarushijeho guterwa imbere, hamwe n’ivugurura ry’imiterere y’imashini ndetse no kongeramo uburyo bugoye. Mu 1847, imashini ya mbere ikora ikoranabuhanga ryikora ku buryo bwuzuye yakozwe na William Cotton mu Bwongereza. Iyi mashini yari ishoboye gukora imyenda yuzuye, irimo amasogisi, uturindantoki, n’amasogisi.
Iterambere ry'imashini zo kuboha zikora imyenda y'uruziga ryakomeje mu kinyejana cya 19 n'icya 20, hamwe n'iterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ry'imashini. Mu 1879, havumbuwe imashini ya mbere ishobora gukora imyenda ifite imbavu, byatumye habaho ubwoko bwinshi bw'imyenda yakozwe.
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, uruziga rwa máquina de tejer rwongerewemo uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Ibi byatumye habaho ubushishozi n'ubunyangamugayo mu ikorwa, binatanga amahirwe mashya ku bwoko bw'imyenda yashoboraga gukorwa.
Mu gice cya nyuma cy'ikinyejana cya 20, imashini zo kuboha zakozwe na mudasobwa, byatumye habaho ubuziranenge burushijeho no kugenzura uburyo bwo kuboha. Izi mashini zashoboraga gushyirwa mu buryo bwo gukora imyenda n'amashusho atandukanye, bigatuma zikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye kandi zikaba ingirakamaro mu nganda z'imyenda.
Muri iki gihe, imashini ziboha zikora imyenda y’uruziga zikoreshwa mu gukora imyenda itandukanye, kuva ku myenda myiza kandi yoroheje kugeza ku myenda iremereye kandi ikomeye ikoreshwa mu myenda yo hanze. Zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’imideli mu gukora imyenda, ndetse no mu nganda z’imyenda yo mu rugo mu gukora ibiringiti, ibitanda byo ku buriri, n’ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo.
Mu gusoza, iterambere ry'imashini iboha uruziga ryabaye iterambere rikomeye mu nganda z'imyenda, bituma habaho gukora imyenda myiza ku muvuduko wihuse cyane kurusha uko byari bimeze mbere. Gukomeza guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga riri inyuma y'imashini iboha uruziga byafunguye amahirwe mashya ku bwoko bw'imyenda ishobora gukorwa, kandi birashoboka ko iri koranabuhanga rizakomeza gutera imbere no kunoza mu myaka iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-26-2023