Mbiri ya Chitukuko cha Makina Ozungulira Oluka

Mbiri ya makina oluka ozungulira, inayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1500. Makina oyamba oluka anali amanja, ndipo sizinali mpaka m'zaka za m'ma 1800 pamene makina oluka ozungulira anapangidwa.

Mu 1816, makina oyamba ozungulira oluka anapangidwa ndi Samuel Benson. Makinawa anali opangidwa ndi chimango chozungulira ndipo anali ndi zingwe zingapo zomwe zinkatha kusunthidwa mozungulira chimangocho kuti apange kuluka. Makina ozungulira oluka anali kusintha kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi singano zoluka zomwe zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi manja, chifukwa ankatha kupanga nsalu zazikulu kwambiri pa liwiro lachangu kwambiri.

M'zaka zotsatira, makina oluka ozungulira adapangidwanso, ndikusintha chimango ndi kuwonjezera njira zovuta kwambiri. Mu 1847, makina oyamba odzipangira okha a tricoter cercle adapangidwa ndi William Cotton ku England. Makinawa anali okhoza kupanga zovala zonse, kuphatikizapo masokosi, magolovesi, ndi masokisi.

Kupanga makina oluka ozungulira nsalu kunapitirira m'zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi 2000, ndi kupita patsogolo kwakukulu muukadaulo wa makinawo. Mu 1879, makina oyamba omwe amatha kupanga nsalu yokhala ndi nthiti adapangidwa, zomwe zidalola kuti nsaluzo zikhale zosiyanasiyana.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, nsalu yozungulira ya máquina de tejer inakonzedwanso bwino ndi kuwonjezera zida zamagetsi zowongolera. Izi zinapangitsa kuti pakhale kulondola kwambiri komanso kulondola kwambiri popanga zinthu ndipo zinatsegula mwayi watsopano wa mitundu ya nsalu zomwe zingapangidwe.

Mu theka lomaliza la zaka za m'ma 1900, makina oluka opangidwa ndi makompyuta adapangidwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ntchito yoluka ikhale yolondola kwambiri komanso yowongolera kwambiri. Makinawa amatha kukonzedwa kuti apange nsalu ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosinthika kwambiri komanso zothandiza pamakampani opanga nsalu.

Masiku ano, makina oluka ozungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira nsalu zabwino, zopepuka mpaka nsalu zolemera, zokhuthala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zovala zakunja. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga mafashoni popanga zovala, komanso mumakampani opanga nsalu zapakhomo popanga mabulangete, zophimba pabedi, ndi mipando ina yapakhomo.

Pomaliza, chitukuko cha makina oluka ozungulira chakhala chitukuko chachikulu mumakampani opanga nsalu, zomwe zathandiza kuti nsalu zapamwamba zipangidwe mofulumira kwambiri kuposa kale. Kupitilizabe kwa ukadaulo wa makina oluka ozungulira kwatsegula mwayi watsopano wa mitundu ya nsalu zomwe zingapangidwe, ndipo mwina ukadaulo uwu upitilizabe kusintha ndikusintha m'zaka zikubwerazi.